by Linda Gladhill

Many people with inflammatory acne suffer from significant scarring, which is disfiguring and difficult to treat. A cell-mediated immune response is considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of acne, although the extent of this response has been found to differ among patients.

There are differences in the cell-mediated immune responses at different time points in inflamed lesion development and resolution in patients who are prone (S patients) and those with the same degree of inflamed acne who are not prone (NS patients) to develop scarring.

To asses those differences the following METHODS were devised:

Cellular and vascular markers were investigated using standard immunohistochemical techniques on biopsies of inflamed lesions of known duration, i.e. < 6 h (n = 14), 24 h (n = 14), 48 h (n = 10), 72 h (n = 10) and 6-7 days (n = 11) from the backs of acne patients.

RESULTS:

In early lesions from Not Prone To Scarring people there was a large influx of CD4+ T cells, macrophages and Langerhans cells with a high number of cells expressing HLA-DR. Also there was significant angiogenesis and vascular adhesion molecule expression. Cell recruitment peaked in 48 h lesions, after which leucocyte numbers decreased and vascular activity returned to normal. Of the T cells, only 50% were memory/effector (CD45RO+) and naive (CD45RA+) cells, while the remainder were unclassified (CD45RO-, CD45RA-).

In early lesions from S patients, CD4+ T cell numbers were smaller, although a high proportion were skin homing memory/effector cells. Langerhans cell numbers and cellular HLA-DR expression were low, while numbers of macrophages, blood vessels and vascular adhesion molecules were high. In resolving lesions angiogenesis remained high, with a further influx of macrophages and skin homing memory/effector cells and increased cellular HLA-DR expression.

CONCLUSIONS: The cellular infiltrate was large and active with a greater nonspecific response (few memory T cells) in early lesions of NS patients, which subsided in resolution. In contrast, a predominantly specific immune response was present in S patients, which was initially smaller and ineffective, but was increased and activated in resolving lesions. Such excessive inflammation in healing tissue is conducive to scarring and suggests that the use of topical anti-inflammatory treatments would be appropriate for these patients.

A Biological solution

BIOSKINFORTE works because it is based on a natural breakthrough discovery and addresses the root cause of the inflammatory skin disorder and not just the symptoms:

• The Immoderate Inflammatory Reaction —triggered by even the slightest lesion in the sebum canals— by supporting the protective strategies of the innate immune system of the skin, directly, within the hair follicles and at the site of skin lesions.

• Provides cellular messengers that communicate to your body that it is being taken care of and can moderate an otherwise extreme inflammatory reaction that may end up destroying healthy skin cells, and not just the bacteria and sebum that has turned into a foreign matter.

• Bacterial Infection by signaling your system to increase the release of the skin's own natural antimicrobial peptides, which defend your system and make the skin an unwelcome place for bacteria, microbes and parasites and can not possibly create any bacterial resistance whatsoever.

• Clogged Pores with gentle enzymes that dissolve or "digest" the plugs, and without peeling and no dryness. On the contrary dissolving hard sebum plugs while triggering healthy skin regeneration, restoring the capacity of skin to hold in water –true moisturizing, and stimulating the removal of scars and the release of amino-acids that help rebuild damaged tissues quickly. It also relieves the side effects of Accutane®.

• Sebum Output by including an extract from the roots of Licorice, (botanical name: Glycyrrhiza inflata Batalin) that has the inhibitory actions on sebum production of testosterone 5-alpha-reductase, lipase and phospholipase A2, as well as being an androgen receptor antagonist which reduce sebum output. It also acts as an antimicrobial with proven action against P. acnes bacteria, while acting as a Super Oxide Dismutase antioxidant that protects the skin from free radicals that are being created at a very fast rate by your own system when it is in inflammatory mode.

• Sebum Hardening by including Inca Inchi oil, a virgin oil from the Amazon that is the the richest source of the two essential unsaturated fatty acids that are used in the synthesis of the PGE3 prostaglandins which regulate the inflammatory response and help to reduce a number of inflammatory related disorders from which the body suffers, including skin rashes and redness. Inca Inchi Oil composition of unsaturated fatty acids is 94%: Alpha-linolenic acid (Omega 3) 45 - 50% ; Alpha-linoleic acid (Omega 6 Precursor) 35 - 40%; Palmitic acid 2 - 5%; Stearic acid 2- 4%.

With Inca Inchi Oil we also ensure those essential fatty acids are available for production of non-irritating fluid sebum.

If your skin is very dry skin and with continual follicle blockage (blackheads, whiteheads and/or acne breakouts) you will benefit from increasing your consumption of foods rich in linoleic acid/omega oils or taking supplements such as flax seed oil. Do NOT take flax seed supplements if pregnant or nursing, take fish oil instead.

Inca Inchi oil also acts as a powerful antioxidants, reduces skin inflammation and inhibits 5alpha-reductase, thereby reducing dihydrotestosterone and thus  sebum production.